Liver Cancer: Breaking Myths About Alcohol and Health
Liver cancer has long been associated with alcohol consumption, but this perspective is increasingly outdated. Medical experts are now sounding the alarm that a growing number of liver cancer patients are non-drinkers, including young professionals and fitness enthusiasts. This alarming trend highlights the shift in causes from alcohol-related damage to lifestyle diseases.
Dr. Ninad Katdare, a Consultant in Surgical Oncology at HCG ICS Khubchandani Cancer Centre in Mumbai, emphasizes that the primary culprit behind liver cancer today is Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD), formerly known as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). This condition results from excess fat buildup in the liver and is often linked to obesity, diabetes, and sedentary lifestyles.
In India, the situation is particularly concerning as nearly one in three urban residents show signs of fatty liver disease based on ultrasound scans. This silent condition can quietly progress to more serious problems like inflammation, fibrosis, and even cancer, making it essential for individuals to be aware of their liver health.
One common misconception is that abstaining from alcohol guarantees a healthy liver. However, fatty liver disease can develop in those with poor metabolic health, who are prone to consuming calorie-dense foods, leading a sedentary lifestyle, and neglecting exercise. The challenge lies in the lack of clear symptoms during the early stages of liver disease; many individuals only realize something is wrong when symptoms become severe.
Symptoms such as chronic fatigue, discomfort in the upper abdomen, sudden weight loss, and jaundice may not manifest until the disease has progressed significantly. Therefore, regular liver function tests and ultrasound scans are recommended for people with diabetes, obesity, or metabolic syndrome, even if they do not consume alcohol.
Prevention is possible and begins with maintaining metabolic control, achieving a healthy body weight, exercising regularly, and managing dietary choices. Dr. Katdare notes that the liver has a remarkable capacity to heal, with fatty liver potentially reversing itself through lifestyle changes. However, this requires awareness and consistency.
The myth that only alcoholics develop liver cancer is not only misleading but also dangerous. This misconception prevents people from recognizing the real risks associated with their everyday habits. Today, liver cancer is as much related to lifestyle choices as it is to liver damage. Being informed, undergoing early checks, and making small daily changes can significantly reduce the risk of liver cancer.
