Starting October 1, significant changes will take effect in the Indian financial markets. The National Stock Exchange (NSE) and Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE) have introduced new transaction fees for brokers across cash and derivatives segments. NSE will charge ₹2.97 per lakh of traded value in the cash market, ₹1.73 per lakh in equity futures, and ₹35.03 per lakh of premium value in equity options. Additionally, the government has implemented a new tax regime for share buybacks, treating them as dividends. The Securities Transaction Tax (STT) on Futures & Options (F&O) has also increased, and SEBI has introduced a T+2 framework for bonus share trading.